Analyte
Native and man-made polymers, composites, basic material, inorganic matters
- Sample quantity: polymers: 0.5 cm3 - 1 cm3, inorganic matters: mg-range
Equipment
- X-ray diffraction instrument: D5000 two-circle diffractometer (Bruker-AXS) with a focusing Ge(111) primary monochromator
- Wave length: Cu-Kα1; λ = 1,54056 nm
- Detector: scintillation counter
- Operation (standard): symmetrical transmission geometry
- Accessories: equipment for the investigation of liquids
- X-ray diffraction instrument: D5000 texture goniometer equipped with an closed Eulerian cradle (four-circle diffractometer, Bruker-AXS)
- Wave length: Ni-filtered Cu-Kα; λ = 0.15418 nm
- Detector: scintillation counter
- Operation: transmission or reflection geometry; recording of complete pole figures
- X-ray diffraction instrument: flat film camera
- Wave length: Ni-filtered Cu-Kα; λ = 0.15418 nm
- Detector: X-ray film
- Operation (standard): transmission geometry
- Accessories: heater, small angle camera
Evaluation methods and targets
Characterization of the supermolecular structure of polymers
- Determination of the degree of crystallinity, the crystallite sizes and the disorder parameter of polymers (IAP software WAXS VII based on the Ruland-Vonk-method)
Characterization of the preferred orientation of polymers
- Determination of texture types from pole figures (transmission, reflection, complete pole figures)
- Determination of quantitative orientational parameters (from the full width at half maximum and the integral of appropriate cuts through the pole figure)
- Determination of fiber orientation (Hermans´ orientation factor, IAP-software)
- Digitalization of X-ray flat film diagrams; qualitative and semiquantitative characterization of the crystallite orientation
Qualitative and quantitative phase analysis
- Qualitative phase analysis (peak fitting, software Bruker-AXS)
- Quantitative phase analysis (analysis of the complete X-ray scattering curves, IAP software)
- Qualitative and quantitative phase analysis of digitized X-ray film diagrams
Aim
- Characterization of the supermolecular structure (degree of crystallinity, crystallite sizes) of native and man-made polymers
- Characterization of the orientation of the crystalline portion of polymer foils and fibers (texture type, quantitative orientational parameter)
- Identification of unknown materials and material compounds (qualitative phase analysis)
- Quantitative determination of the different modifications of a substance
- Quantitative phase analysis of composite materials
Application examples
- Determination of the degree of crystallinity and the crystallite sizes of different pulps
- Determination of the influence of the drying conditions on the crystallite orientation and the mechanical properties of never dried bacterial cellulose
- Characterization of the orientation of different native and man-made fibers
- Quantitative phase analysis of fiber reinforced cellulose food casings (cellulose I / II determination)
Contact
Dr. Andreas Bohn
Research division
Biopolymers
Phone +49 (0) 331/ 568-1817
Fax +49 (0) 331/ 568-3815
Email bohn@iap.fraunhofer.de
Research division
Biopolymers
Phone +49 (0) 331/ 568-1817
Fax +49 (0) 331/ 568-3815
Email bohn@iap.fraunhofer.de
Comparative and additional methods